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Education and training programs build human capital and address gaps in technical, digital, and soft skills that are critical for female labor force participation and employment.

Productivity and Pay Gaps

Expanding women¡¯s access to high-growth sectors, where they are often under-represented, is essential to close productivity and pay gaps and improve the quality of women¡¯s jobs.

Shifting restrictive social norms can contribute to expanding women¡¯s choices, enabling greater participation in paid work and a broader range of occupations.

Policies that recognize, reduce, and redistribute women¡¯s unpaid care for children, older adults, and others are key to expanding women¡¯s opportunities for paid work and improving access to jobs.

Expanding female entrepreneurs¡¯ access to capital, markets, training, high-growth sectors, and networks can help unlock the potential of their businesses.

Ensuring connectivity, improving digital literacy, and promoting entry to jobs in tech sectors are critical to enabling women to benefit from the transformation driven by digital technologies and AI.

Mobility

Safe, reliable, and affordable transportation is an important enabler for women¡¯s access to job opportunities and the expansion of entrepreneurial activities.

Enhancing the resilience of women¡¯s jobs requires addressing the structural inequalities that increase their exposure to shocks, including pandemics, natural hazards, and trade disruptions.